Kawm paub yuav ua li cas kho cua sov tuaj yeem siv rau ntau cov hlau alloys kom txhim kho lub cev tseem ceeb xws li hardness, lub zog thiab machinability.
Taw qhia
Kev kho cua sov tuaj yeem siv rau ntau cov hlau alloys txhawm rau txhim kho lub cev tseem ceeb (piv txwv li hardness, lub zog lossis machinability).Cov kev hloov no tshwm sim vim kev hloov kho rau microstructure thiab, qee zaum, cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom.
Cov kev kho mob no suav nrog cov cua sov ntawm cov hlau alloys mus rau (feem ntau) qhov kub thiab txias, ua raws li cov kauj ruam ua kom txias nyob rau hauv kev tswj xyuas.Qhov kub ntawm cov khoom yog rhuab mus rau, lub sij hawm nws khaws cia ntawm qhov kub thiab txias npaum li cas tag nrho cov zoo heev cuam tshuam rau lub kawg lub cev ntawm cov hlau alloy.
Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb tau tshuaj xyuas cov kev kho cua sov uas cuam tshuam rau feem ntau siv hlau alloys hauv CNC machining.Los ntawm kev piav qhia txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov txheej txheem no rau cov khoom ntawm qhov kawg, kab lus no yuav pab koj xaiv cov khoom siv zoo rau koj daim ntawv thov.
Thaum twg yog siv cov kev kho cua sov
Kev kho cua sov tuaj yeem siv rau cov hlau alloys thoob plaws hauv kev tsim khoom.Rau CNC machined qhov chaw, kev kho cua sov feem ntau yog siv los ntawm:
Ua ntej CNC machining: Thaum tus qauv txheej txheem ntawm cov hlau alloy tau thov uas tau yooj yim, CNC muab kev pabcuam yuav tshuab cov khoom ncaj qha los ntawm cov khoom lag luam.Qhov no feem ntau yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws los txo cov sij hawm txhuas.
Tom qab CNC machining: Qee qhov kev kho cua sov ua rau kom cov khoom tawv tawv los yog siv los ua cov kauj ruam tom qab tsim.Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, kev kho cua sov yog siv tom qab CNC machining, raws li siab hardness txo lub machinability ntawm cov khoom.Piv txwv li, qhov no yog tus qauv xyaum thaum CNC machining cuab yeej steel qhov chaw.
Kev kho cua sov feem ntau rau cov khoom siv CNC
Annealing, stress relieving & tempering
Annealing, tempering thiab kev ntxhov siab relieving tag nrho cov cua sov ntawm cov hlau alloy mus rau qhov kub thiab txias tom qab ntawm cov khoom ntawm tus nqi qeeb, feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv huab cua los yog hauv qhov cub.Lawv txawv nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias uas cov khoom yog rhuab mus rau thiab nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim nyob rau hauv lub manufacturing txheej txheem.
Nyob rau hauv annealing, cov hlau yog rhuab mus rau ib tug heev kub thiab ces maj mam txias kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau microstructure.Annealing feem ntau yog siv rau tag nrho cov hlau alloys tom qab tsim thiab ua ntej yuav ua li cas ntxiv rau soften lawv thiab txhim kho lawv machinability.Yog tias lwm qhov kev kho cua sov tsis tau teev tseg, feem ntau CNC machined qhov chaw yuav muaj cov khoom siv ntawm lub xeev annealed.
Kev ntxhov siab cuam tshuam nrog cov cua sov ntawm qhov chaw mus rau qhov kub siab (tab sis qis dua annealing) thiab feem ntau yog ua haujlwm tom qab CNC machining, kom tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab uas tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom.Txoj kev no cov khoom uas muaj cov khoom zoo sib xws tau tsim tawm.
Tempering kuj ua kom sov qhov kub ntawm qhov qis dua qhov kev sib tsoo, thiab feem ntau nws ua haujlwm tom qab quenching (saib ntu tom ntej) ntawm cov hlau me me (1045 thiab A36) thiab cov hlau alloy (4140 thiab 4240) kom txo tau lawv cov brittleness thiab txhim kho lawv cov kev ua tau zoo.
Quenching
Quenching muaj cua sov ntawm cov hlau mus rau qhov kub siab heev, ua raws li cov kauj ruam ua kom txias sai, feem ntau yog dipping cov khoom hauv roj los yog dej los yog nthuav tawm cov cua txias.Kev ua kom txias sai sai "locks-in" cov kev hloov pauv hauv microstructure uas cov khoom tau dhau los thaum cua sov, uas ua rau cov khoom muaj zog heev.
Cov khoom feem ntau yog quenched raws li cov kauj ruam kawg hauv kev tsim khoom tom qab CNC machining (xav txog cov kws ua hlau dipping lawv cov hniav hauv cov roj), vim tias muaj zog ntxiv ua rau cov khoom nyuaj rau tshuab.
Cov cuab yeej steel yog quenched tom qab CNC machining kom ua tiav lawv cov hardness siab heev.Cov txheej txheem tempering tej zaum yuav siv los tswj qhov tshwm sim hardness.Piv txwv li, Tool steel A2 muaj ib tug hardness ntawm 63-65 Rockwell C tom qab quenching tab sis yuav tempered mus rau ib tug hardness li ntawm 42 mus rau 62 HRC.Tempering prolongs lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm ib feem, raws li nws txo brittleness (zoo tshaj plaws tau tiav rau ib tug hardness ntawm 56-58 HRC).
Precipitation hardening (kev laus)
Precipitation hardening lossis aging yog ob nqe lus uas feem ntau siv los piav txog tib txoj kev.Cov nag lossis daus hardening yog txheej txheem peb kauj ruam: cov khoom yog thawj zaug rhuab kub, ces quenched thiab thaum kawg rhuab mus rau ib tug qis kub rau ib tug ntev lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm (hnub nyoog).Qhov no ua rau cov ntsiab lus alloy uas pib tshwm sim raws li cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib txawv kom yaj thiab faib cov khoom sib xws hauv cov hlau matrix, zoo ib yam li cov suab thaj crystal dissolve hauv dej thaum cov tshuaj rhuab.
Tom qab nag lossis daus hardening, lub zog thiab hardness ntawm cov hlau alloys nce siab heev.Piv txwv li, 7075 yog ib qho txhuas alloy, feem ntau siv hauv kev lag luam aerospace, los tsim cov khoom ntawm tensile zog piv rau stainless hlau, thaum muaj tsawg dua 3 npaug ntawm qhov hnyav.
Case Hardening & carburizing
Case hardening yog ib tsev neeg ntawm kev kho cua sov uas ua rau cov khoom uas muaj qhov tawv tawv ntawm lawv qhov chaw, thaum cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab tseem mos.Qhov no feem ntau nyiam tshaj qhov ua kom tawv nqaij ntawm qhov chaw thoob plaws hauv nws qhov ntim (piv txwv li, los ntawm quenching), vim tias cov khoom nyuaj kuj tseem nkig.
Carburizing yog feem ntau cov ntaub ntawv-hardening tshav kub kho.Nws suav nrog cov cua sov ntawm cov hlau me me hauv ib puag ncig carbon-nplua nuj thiab tom qab quenching ntawm ib feem kom kaw cov pa roj carbon hauv cov hlau matrix.Qhov no ua rau kom cov tawv nqaij tawv ntawm cov hlau zoo ib yam li cov anodizing ua rau cov tawv tawv ntawm aluminium alloy.
Post lub sij hawm: Feb-14-2022